Design and Build an Automatic Train Portal Based on Arduino Nano and Ultrasonic Sensors
Keywords:
arduino nano, crossing safety, automatic portal, ultrasonic sensors, control systemsAbstract
The research aims to design and build a prototype of an automated railway crossing portal that uses an Arduino Nano microcontroller and ultrasonic sensor as a distance detection device. This system is designed to improve safety at railway crossings by being able to accurately detect the presence of trains and provide a quick control response to train arrivals. The ultrasonic sensor works by measuring the time of the reflection of the ultrasonic waves to determine the distance of approaching objects, while the Arduino Nano serves as a control center that processes the sensor data and activates the servo motor actuator to open or close the safety bar automatically. The system is also equipped with LED light indicators and buzzers as visual and sound warning signs to road users. Prototype testing showed that the system is capable of performing distance detection with a high level of accuracy and providing a timely cross-closure response, thereby reducing manual intervention and minimizing the risk of accidents due to human negligence. All output components function as expected, and the integration of the ultrasonic sensor with the Arduino Nano results in effective coordination in maintaining the safety of the crossing. This research confirms that the application of simple, cost-effective, and effective technology can provide practical solutions to improve the safety of rail transportation at crossings. With its rapid response capabilities, the system can also be further adapted to modern technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT) to improve remote monitoring and functionality. This research makes an important contribution to the development of a railway crossing automation system that can be widely used, especially in small to medium crossings that still use many manual methods.
References
Alfiqi, R., & Sembiring, J. (2023). Technology for SMS-based Assistive Device for the Visually Impaired. Journal of Soft Computing Exploration, 4(4), 177–185. https://doi.org/10.52465/joscex.v4i4.225
Ang, J. H., & Min, T. S. (2024). A Review on Sensor Technologies and Control Methods for Mobile Robot With Obstacle Detection System. International Journal on Robotics Automation and Sciences, 6(1), 78–85. https://doi.org/10.33093/ijoras.2024.6.1.11
Arbiyani, F. (2024). Ultrasonic Proximity Sensor Device to Enhance the Efficiency of Livestock Transport Process. Enthalpy Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Teknik Mesin, 9(1), 20. https://doi.org/10.55679/enthalpy.v9i1.47311
Fairussihan, J. D., & Setiono, D. (2023). Kerka Safety and Health Risk Analysis (K3) in the Ship Repair Process at Pt. Dock and Shipping Surabaya using the Hirarc (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control) method. Marine Zone Journal of Marine Science and Technology Innovation, 23–29. https://doi.org/10.62012/zl.v4i1.18977
Golder, A., Gupta, D., Roy, S., Ahasan, Md. A. A., & Haque, M. A. (2023). Automated Railway Crossing System: A Secure and Resilient Approach. 247–253. https://doi.org/10.1109/uemcon59035.2023.10315973
Goswami, S. S., & Sahoo, S. K. (2024). Design of a Robotic Vehicle to Avoid Obstacle Using Arduino Microcontroller and Ultrasonic Sensor. https://doi.org/10.3233/atde231118
H.K., A., В, Г. Б., A, C. H., G, P., & Manjunath, T. C. (2023). Automatic Railway Gate Control Using Arduino. International Journal of Engineering Technology and Management Sciences, 7(3), 878–882. https://doi.org/10.46647/ijetms.2023.v07i03.134
Iftekharuzzaman, I., Ghosh, S., Basher, M. K., Islam, M. A., Das, N., & Nur‐E‐Alam, M. (2023). Design and Concept of Renewable Energy Driven Auto-Detectable Railway Level Crossing Systems in Bangladesh. Future Transportation, 3(1), 75–91. https://doi.org/10.3390/futuretransp3010005
Ilmi, N., Semnasti, V. A. J., & Semnasti, M. C. P. A. I. (2023). The use of the HIRARC method and fishbone diagram in the analysis of K3 risk in the carbon steel industry. Proceedings of the Society, 431–440. https://doi.org/10.33005/wj.v16i1.65
Kamila, F. I., Christianto, D., & Angkat, H. (2023). Safety Analysis at Crossing No. 46 Jl. Kh. Ahmad Dahlan, East Jakarta. JMTS Journal of Civil Engineering Partners. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmts.v6i3.24909
Kashiwao, T., Tanoue, H., Shiraishi, N., Misaki, Y., Ando, T., Tanaka, D., & Ikeda, K. (2023). A One‐Class SVM‐Based Approach for Crossing‐Gate Rod Breakage Detection in a Railway Telemeter System. Ieej Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering, 18(4), 648–650. https://doi.org/10.1002/tee.23762
Kharisma, I. L., Kamdan, K., Firdaus, A. R., Prayoga, R. H., Yasin, F. R., & Ati, M. A. T. (2023). Construction of Railway Door Automation Prototypes Using Arduino, Servo Motors and Ultrasonic Sensors. Digital Zone Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi, 14(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.31849/digitalzone.v14i1.13584
Lie, K. L., Linggarsari, D., & Angkat, H. R. (2023). Safety Survey at JPL Crossings No 6a Km 3 + 219 Jalan Karya Raya. JMTS Journal of Civil Engineering Partners, 1015–1024. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmts.v6i3.24904
Marsa, R. R. M., Linggasari, D., & Angkat, H. R. (2023). Safety Study at JPL Crossing No. 5a Km 2 + 285 Gift Street. JMTS Journal of Civil Engineering Partners, 1025–1034. https://doi.org/10.24912/jmts.v6i3.24907
Marsusiadi, E. N. S., Priyanto, S., Perwira, D. A., Sunardi, S., & Churniawan, E. (2023). Safety education through a railway crossing for drivers of heavy trucks or public buses. Journal of Locus Research and Service, 2(11), 1130–1137. https://doi.org/10.58344/locus.v2i11.1949
Nugraha, A. C., Jumiyani, R., Sundari, S., Suprihanto, S., & Pribadi, D. S. (2023). Application Development Activities Are Appropriate To Support Reporting And Analysis Of Rail Irregularities At Pt Kai. Journal of Community Service - Indonesian Digital Technology, 2(2), 71. https://doi.org/10.26798/jpm.v2i2.1092
Pratama, D. W., & Ariandi, M. (2024). Prototype of Safety System Monitoring on Komatsu PC 200-7 Excavator Using Microcontroller. Protek Scientific Journal of Electrical Engineering, 11(1), 56–63. https://doi.org/10.33387/protk.v11i1.6534
Prayoga, D., Meizul, Z., & Hidayat, L. (2023). Work Accident Risk Analysis of Cv. Brens Bakery Using the Hirarc (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control) method. Journal of Agroindustry, 13(2), 202–217. https://doi.org/10.31186/jagroindustri.13.2.202-217
Ragavi, R., Ramya, A. V, Sowndharya, G., & Sunmathy, S. (2023). Ultrasonic Radar Module Design Using Arduino. Iijsr, 07(04), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.46759/iijsr.2023.7408
Sabo, A., Ahmad, A. A., Ben, E. K., Dada, A. E., Aji, M. M., Diyari, M., Saloro, M. A., & Musa, J. L. (2023). Implementation of Ranging System Using Ultrasonic Sensor and Microcontroller Unit for Aviation Industries. World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences, 10(1), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2023.10.1.0273
Sumarahardhi, P. C., & Santoso, D. B. (2023). Identification and mapping of interference components of the signaling system of PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Resort Karawang. Teak (Student Journal of Informatics Engineering), 7(3), 1574–1578. https://doi.org/10.36040/jati.v7i3.6875
Susanto, N. B., Isheka, R. P., & Wiryanta, W. (2023). Analysis of the Suitability of Intercity PSO (Public Service Obligation) Train Services to Minimum Service Standards (Case Study for the First Quarter and Second Quarter of 2023 in Java). Indonesian Railway Journal, 7(2), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.37367/jpi.v7i2.289
Sya'bani, A., & Herwanto, D. (2023). Analysis of the potential for work accidents in the ring frame machine area using the HIRADC method at PT. XYZ. Jenius Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering, 4(2), 313–322. https://doi.org/10.37373/jenius.v4i2.711
Wei, Y. (2024). Applications of Ultrasonic Sensors: A Review. Applied and Computational Engineering, 99(1), 144–148. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/99/20251773
Widya, A. R., Wiyatno, T. N., & Saefulloh, A. (2023). Assessment of the potential for work accidents using the Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment and Risk Control (HIRARC) method in the Mechanical Energy Department at a paper manufacturing company in Cikarang-West Java. National Seminar on Industrial Engineering and Management, 2(1), 107–117. https://doi.org/10.28932/sentekmi2023.v2i1.143
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Didik Hariyanto, Hotijeh (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a 